Process for cleaning hair.



F. W. HARDEN.

PROCESS FOR CLEANING HAIR.

APPLICATION FILED pic. 30. 1914.

1,147,720. Pzitnted July 27,1915.

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. I WW h yf y COLUMBIA PLANDGIAPH 00., WASHINGTON. Dvfil v F. w. HARDEN. PROCESS FOR CLEANING HAIR.

APPLICATION FILED DEC- 30. $914.

Patented July 27, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

COLUMBIA FMNODRA PH cQ.,wA$HlNuToN, I). c.

F. w. YHARDEN.

PROCESS FOR CLEANING HAIR.

APPLICATION FILED 05c. 30, 1914.

1,147,720. Patented July 27, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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FREDERICK w. HARD'EN, 0F rIKEsvILLn, MARYLAND.

a rnn r PROCESS FOR CLEANING HAIR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed December 30, 1914. Serial No. 879,665.

cleaning hog or other short hair and removing therefrom particles of skin or animal tissue which adheres thereto.

in the processes as generally practised, the hair is subjected to the action of certain solutions which dissolve or soften the cuticle and the adhering particles to such an extent that they may be readily removed. Such treatment has been found to also soften the hair, whereby its strength, elasticity, or life, is greatly impaired, thereby lessening its valuation'and reducing its salability and usefulness.

With this improved process, the animal strength and elasticity of the hair is fully preserved, and the particles removed therefrom produce a valuable by-product whic is used as a fertilizer.

In carrying the invention into effect, the hair is subjected, while in a dry state, to a thorough beating and rubbing, that is, repeatedly and successively struck and rubbed, and in a manner, that the mass of hair being treated is manipulated to cause individual hairs within the mass to pass successively between a plurality of rubbing means and move toward a discharge for the finished product. At the same time, as the adhering particles or by-products are re- .moved from the hairs, during their movement through the successive rubbing means, it is separated from the mass of hair immediately after being broken therefrom, so that, when the hairs are discharged, the byproducts have been entirely removed and separately discharged. 7

This improved process is accomplished with a machine upon which a separate application has been filed June 9, 1913, Serial No. 772,499, and said machine is constructed as shown in the accompanying drawings, i which Figure 1 is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view thereof. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical sectional View. Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view of one of the beating and rubbing teeth.

. To more fully set forth this improved process, the machine illustrated in the accompanying drawings will be described in detail, and in all of the figures of the draw- Patent-ea .iuiyee, 1915.

ings, similar reference numerals designate like parts.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is the main frame of the machine supported byv standards 2.

Mounted upon the main frame is a rota individualteeth of each row being spaced apart and being slightly displaced with re spect tothe teeth of the adjacent rows so as to form a heliXeXtending around the cylinder. Each tooth 5 is preferably formed with lateral faces 6 which converge from one vertical edge of the tooth to the other vertical. edgeand said faces are roughened to form rubbmg surfaces. These surfaces are preferably formed to include oblique front vertical edge of the tooth, this front edge being preferably the narrower end for reasons which will be hereinafter explained;

Adjacent to the lower side of cylinder 3,

is mounted two concaves 8 provided with teeth 9, and it will be seen in Fig.2, that these teeth 9 are arranged in longitudinal groups with a screen 10 therebetween. The teeth of each group are preferably arranged in rows, the individual teeth of each row being displaced suiiiciently longitudinally to permit the close passage therebetween of the cylinder teeth and to form rows oblique to the axis of the cylinder in conformity with the helical arrangement of the cylinder teeth. These fixed teeth are preferably of the same form of the cylinderteeth.

Cylinder 3 is inclosed in a shell 11 having a feed opening 12 at one end.

In orderto more effectively cleanthe hair and avoid making the cylinders of undue length, a second cylinder 13, similar to cylinder 3, is'mounted beneath the same and rotated by a pulley 14, thedischarge of the upper cylinder being'thefeed mouth of the lower one. a

In operation, the hair fed into feedopening 12 is caught by the cylinder teeth and beaten downwardly and individual hairs are then forced between the fixed teeth by the cylinder teeth and the same being arranged to pass in close relation, the individual hairs are brought in contact With faces of both sets of teeth and are rubbed thoroughly therebetween and consequently the dry adhering 1 iaterial is cracked and broken therefrom. The mass or hair is moved bodily toward the dischar e end of the machine thereby causing individual hairs to be sucbe aten and rubbed, so that, When t reaches the dischar 'e end every particle the adhering matter has been removed. the adhering matter is removed, it im- Liediatel w h through the mass of hair to ultimo screen through Which it passes, thereby operation is continued. In passing through the machine, the hairs are caught by the narrow forward edge of the cylinder teeth and given a gradual bend when brought in con act with the liied teeth, and combined with the roughened surfaces on the to h crack, break, and rub from the ha r all of the dry coatings clinging thereto.

t will thus be seen from the above description, that the dry covering on the hairs is cracked and broken there rom thereby leaving the hair in a dry state with its full strength elas city, and life.

While the process has been described as topics of this patent may be obtained for nto the bottom separator Wnenadapted for use With short hair, it is meant to include Within that term all equivalent material and substances.

Having thus described the invention, What is claimed is l. The process of removing cuticle and other adherent material from short animal hair, consisting in subjecting the hair in a dry state to a thorough beating and rubbing to loosen and break the adherent material therefrom.

2. The process of removing cuticle and other adherent material from short animal hair, consisting in bending, beating, and rubbing the hair in a dry state to loosen and break the adherent material therefrom.

3. The process of removing cuticle and other adherent material from short animal hair, consisting in cracking and breaking the material from the hair While the latter is in a dry state.

45. The process of removing cuticle and other material from short animal hair, consisting in subjecting the hair in a dry state to successive beatings and rubbings to loosen and break the adherent material therefrom.

In testimony whereof I aliix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

FREDERICK W. HARDEI.

Witnesses E. WALTON, BnnWINe'roN, Howard) D. ADAMs.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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